What Does A Graphics Card Do?

Key Takeaways...

Whether you’re using a computer for business, design, gaming or data processing, you’ll likely have heard of a graphics card (GPU). But what exactly does it do, and why is it so important for performance?

In this article, we’ll break down what a graphics card is, how it works, and why businesses should understand its function when managing IT hardware and planning upgrades.

What Is a Graphics Card?

A graphics card, also known as a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), is a specialised piece of hardware inside a computer that is responsible for rendering images, videos and animations on your display.

Unlike the CPU (central processing unit), which handles a wide variety of general computing tasks, the GPU is specifically designed for the parallel processing required to produce complex visuals and run demanding software.

Modern graphics cards are incredibly powerful, often containing billions of transistors and large amounts of high-speed memory, making them essential for applications beyond just displaying images.

What Does a Graphics Card Actually Do?

At its core, a graphics card translates data into visual output. Whenever you open a program, play a video or launch a game, the GPU processes the information and sends it to your monitor as high-quality images.

Here are the key tasks a GPU performs:

  1. Rendering Graphics and Images

The primary function of a graphics card is to render visuals. This includes everything from displaying your desktop icons to producing detailed 3D graphics in games or design software.

  1. Accelerating Performance in Software

Many professional applications – such as CAD programs, video editing software and AI tools – rely on the GPU for heavy computational tasks. A powerful graphics card can dramatically speed up processing times.

  1. Handling Video Playback

GPUs also process and decode video files, ensuring smooth playback of high-resolution content without placing extra strain on the CPU.

  1. Supporting Multiple Displays

Most modern graphics cards can drive multiple monitors at once, making them essential for businesses that need extended workspaces for productivity.

Why Are Graphics Cards Important for Businesses?

Businesses rely on GPUs for more than just visuals. High-performance graphics cards are essential in industries like design, engineering, medical imaging, data analysis and artificial intelligence. Even in standard office environments, a capable GPU ensures a seamless user experience and reduces system slowdowns.

Additionally, as software evolves, graphics card requirements increase. A system with an outdated GPU may struggle to keep up with modern applications, resulting in reduced productivity and compatibility issues.

What To Do With Old Graphics Cards

When a graphics card is no longer powerful enough or stops working, it’s important to dispose of it responsibly. GPUs contain printed circuit boards (PCBs) and valuable metals like gold, silver and copper that can be recycled.

At RePCB, we provide a dedicated graphics card recycling service for businesses across the UK. We securely collect and recycle all types of GPUs, ensuring compliance with WEEE regulations while helping to recover valuable resources.

How Long Do GPUs Last?

Key Takeaways...

If you’re a business managing IT hardware or simply someone who wants to get the most out of your graphics cards, one question inevitably comes up: How long do GPUs last? Whether you’re using them for high-performance gaming, data processing, design work or AI applications, understanding the lifespan of your graphics cards is essential for budgeting, performance planning and knowing when to recycle outdated hardware.

In this article, we’ll explore how long a GPU can last, the factors that influence its longevity, and how you can tell when it’s time for a replacement.

The Average Lifespan of a GPU

On average, a well-maintained GPU will last between 5 to 8 years under normal use. However, this number can vary greatly depending on how the graphics card is used and the conditions it’s kept in.

For example, a GPU running under heavy workloads 24/7 (such as in data centres or cryptocurrency mining) may last significantly less time – perhaps 2 to 3 years – compared to one used for general office tasks or light gaming.

It’s important to note that most GPUs don’t “die” suddenly. Instead, they gradually become technologically obsolete. Even if the hardware still works, it may no longer be powerful enough to handle modern software and applications efficiently.

Key Factors That Affect GPU Longevity

Several factors influence how long a GPU will last:

1. Workload and Usage

The heavier the workload, the shorter the lifespan. GPUs used for gaming at ultra-high settings, rendering, machine learning, or cryptocurrency mining are constantly pushed to their limits. This creates heat and stress on components, reducing longevity.

2. Cooling and Maintenance

Heat is the biggest enemy of any electronic component. If your GPU’s cooling system isn’t working effectively, it will degrade faster. Regularly cleaning dust from fans and heatsinks and ensuring good airflow within the PC case can help extend its life.

3. Quality of the Graphics Card

High-end, well-manufactured GPUs from reputable brands often last longer than budget options. Better materials, stronger power delivery systems and robust cooling designs all contribute to durability.

4. Environmental Conditions

Where your GPUs operate matters. Hot, humid or dusty environments can accelerate wear and tear. Likewise, frequent power surges or unstable electricity can damage sensitive components.

5. Technological Obsolescence

Even if a GPU is physically working, the pace of technological advancement means it might struggle to keep up with software updates and system requirements after a few years.

Signs It’s Time to Replace Your GPU

If you’re wondering whether your graphics card is nearing the end of its usable life, look out for these common signs:

  • Frequent crashes, artefacts or screen glitches

  • Noticeable performance drops in applications or games

  • Overheating even under light workloads

  • Difficulty supporting modern software or operating system updates

  • No longer compatible with newer hardware or interfaces

When these issues start becoming regular, it’s often more cost-effective to replace the GPU rather than trying to repair it.

Maximising the Lifespan of Your GPUs

While no GPU will last forever, there are steps you can take to ensure you get the best return on investment:

  • Keep the GPU cool with regular cleaning and proper ventilation

  • Avoid constant heavy overclocking or high-stress workloads

  • Use a quality power supply to protect against electrical fluctuations

  • Update drivers and firmware to maintain software compatibility

For businesses with large numbers of GPUs, implementing a regular refresh cycle can help avoid downtime and maintain productivity.

What To Do With Old GPUs

Once a GPU reaches the end of its life, it’s important to dispose of it responsibly. GPUs contain printed circuit boards (PCBs) and valuable metals that can be recycled and reused. At RePCB, we specialise in graphics card recycling for businesses across the UK. We securely collect, process and recycle all types of GPUs, ensuring you remain compliant with WEEE regulations while protecting the environment.

Is an Old CPU Worth Anything?

Key Takeaways...

Central Processing Units (CPUs) are the brains of computers and servers, but like any technology, they eventually become outdated. When businesses upgrade IT equipment, they’re often left with older CPUs and may wonder: are they worth anything, or should they just be disposed of?

The answer is yes – old CPUs can hold value, even if they’re no longer functional. This value can come from the precious materials they contain, their resale potential, or their use as components for repairs.

Why Old CPUs Can Be Valuable

  1. Precious Metal Content: CPUs are built using materials such as gold, silver, copper, and palladium. While each chip contains only small amounts, when processed in bulk, these metals can be recovered and reused. This makes CPUs particularly desirable for recycling companies that specialise in recovering valuable materials from electronic components.
  2. Resale Potential: Certain older CPUs are still in demand, particularly if they’re compatible with legacy systems. Businesses or individuals maintaining older servers or specialist equipment often seek out these parts, which means you could sell working CPUs on the secondary market.
  3. Spare Parts and Repairs: Even if a CPU itself is no longer cutting-edge, it may still be useful for repairs. Some IT repair companies will purchase older chips to use as replacements in systems they maintain for their clients.

How Much Are Old CPUs Worth?

The value of an old CPU depends on a number of factors:

  • Age and model: Newer CPUs with higher specifications may have resale potential, while very old chips are typically more valuable for their precious metal content.
  • Condition: Functional CPUs that have been properly stored are generally worth more than damaged or heavily worn components.
  • Quantity: Recycling companies often process CPUs in bulk, which means larger volumes can lead to better returns.

While individual CPUs may only fetch a modest amount, a significant number of them can add up to a more meaningful return – particularly when recycled through a reputable partner.

Should You Throw Away Old CPUs?

No – CPUs should never be disposed of in general waste. Like other electronic components, they contain materials that can be harmful to the environment if they end up in landfill. In addition, any CPU that has ever processed data could pose a data security risk if not disposed of properly.

Recycling Old CPUs

The most responsible way to handle outdated CPUs is to have them professionally recycled. This ensures that:

  • Valuable metals are recovered and reintroduced into the manufacturing supply chain
  • Hazardous materials are kept out of landfill
  • Your business remains compliant with environmental and waste regulations

At RePCB, we work with businesses across the UK to recycle a wide range of IT components, including CPUs. Our processes ensure that all materials are handled responsibly and that clients can benefit from the potential value of their redundant hardware.

Can You Throw A Hard Drive In A Bin?

Key Takeaways...

In today’s digital world, businesses and individuals generate a huge amount of data. When a computer or server reaches the end of its life, one question often arises: can you just throw a hard drive in the bin?

The short answer is no. Hard drives contain sensitive information and potentially harmful materials that make them unsuitable for general waste disposal. 

Whether you are upgrading company equipment or decommissioning old IT assets, it’s important to understand why hard drives require proper disposal – and what your options are.

Why You Shouldn’t Put Hard Drives in General Waste

There are two main reasons why hard drives should never be thrown in the bin:

  1. Data Security: Even if a hard drive has been “deleted” or formatted, much of the information stored on it can still be recovered. Throwing a hard drive away leaves sensitive business data, customer records, or financial information vulnerable to theft.
  2. Environmental Concerns: Hard drives, like other electronic waste (e-waste), contain metals and materials that can be harmful to the environment if they end up in landfill. Components such as lead, mercury, and brominated flame retardants can contaminate soil and water if not managed properly.

What Happens if You Do?

Discarding hard drives in general waste can put your organisation at risk of data breaches and regulatory non-compliance. For businesses operating under data protection regulations such as the UK GDPR, improper disposal could result in penalties. Additionally, local councils can issue fines for businesses that fail to follow e-waste disposal regulations.

The Correct Way to Dispose of Hard Drives

Instead of putting hard drives in the bin, the best course of action is to have them professionally recycled or destroyed.

At RePCB, we work with businesses to responsibly recycle hard drives. Our recycling process ensures that hard drives are processed in a way that recovers valuable materials and keeps harmful waste out of landfill.

If your business requires secure destruction of data-bearing devices, we can also provide this service, but it must be requested in advance. Secure destruction ensures that all data is completely irretrievable, giving you peace of mind and helping you maintain compliance.

How Long Do Printed Circuit Boards Last?

Key Takeaways...

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are the backbone of modern electronics, providing the essential platform for connecting and supporting electronic components. From consumer devices to industrial equipment, PCBs are built to be robust, but like any technology, they have a finite lifespan. 

Understanding how long printed circuit boards last,  and the factors that affect their longevity, is crucial for businesses managing electronic assets and planning for end-of-life disposal.

Typical Lifespan of Printed Circuit Boards

On average, a PCB can last anywhere from 10 to 20 years under normal operating conditions. However, this timeframe is influenced by the environment in which the PCB operates, how frequently the device is used, and the quality of the components and materials used in its construction.

In certain high-stress applications, such as heavy industrial machinery or aerospace systems, PCBs may have shorter lifespans due to constant exposure to heat, vibration, and demanding operational cycles. 

Conversely, PCBs used in low-stress consumer electronics, which are used intermittently and stored in controlled environments, may last for decades.

Key Factors That Affect PCB Longevity

  • Quality of Materials

The materials used in the manufacturing of a PCB, including the substrate, copper traces, and solder mask, directly impact durability. High-quality materials resist thermal expansion, corrosion, and physical stress more effectively.

  • Operating Environment

PCBs exposed to high humidity, temperature extremes, dust, or corrosive environments will degrade faster. Moisture can lead to corrosion, while excessive heat can cause delamination of the board’s layers or deterioration of solder joints.

  • Electrical Stress

Overloading circuits or exposing PCBs to power surges accelerates wear and tear. Electrical stress can cause insulation breakdown and lead to failures in sensitive components.

  • Physical Damage

Mechanical stress from vibration, dropping, or improper handling can crack solder joints or damage the PCB substrate. Devices with moving parts or heavy vibration often have reduced board lifespans for this reason.

  • Maintenance and Upkeep

Regular cleaning, proper storage, and timely component replacement can prolong a PCB’s life. Dust build-up can cause overheating, while replacing aging capacitors and connectors helps prevent premature failures.

Signs a PCB Is Reaching the End of Its Life

For businesses managing large numbers of electronic devices, it’s helpful to recognise the signs that a PCB is failing or approaching end-of-life. These include:

  • Intermittent power issues or device failures
  • Visible corrosion or burnt areas on the board
  • Bulging or leaking capacitors
  • Cracked solder joints or lifted copper traces
  • Overheating components

Addressing issues early can prevent costly downtime and data loss, but in many cases, once a PCB is significantly degraded, replacement or recycling becomes the most practical solution.

Responsible End-of-Life Management

When PCBs have reached the end of their usable life, proper disposal is essential. They contain hazardous materials that must be handled in accordance with environmental regulations, as well as valuable metals that can be recovered and reused. 

Working with a certified specialist ensures your business stays compliant while supporting the circular economy. At RePCB, we specialise in collecting and recycling PCB waste for businesses across the UK.

Are Hard Drives Considered E-Waste?

Key Takeaways...

When businesses upgrade their IT equipment or decommission old servers, one common question arises: Are hard drives considered e-waste? The short answer is yes – hard drives fall firmly under the category of electronic waste (or e-waste). But what exactly does that mean, and why is it important for businesses to handle them correctly?

In this article, we’ll break down what qualifies as e-waste, why hard drives are included, and how to dispose of them securely and responsibly.

What is E-Waste?

E-waste (short for electronic waste) refers to any discarded electrical or electronic equipment. This includes devices that are no longer wanted, are broken, or have reached the end of their usable life. Examples include:

  • Computers and laptops
  • Mobile phones and tablets
  • Servers and networking hardware
  • Printers and copiers
  • Small household electronics like TVs and microwaves

In the UK, e-waste is regulated under the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Regulations, which place legal obligations on businesses and organisations to dispose of such items responsibly.

Why Are Hard Drives E-Waste?

Hard drives, whether they are the older mechanical HDDs or newer solid-state drives (SSDs), are considered e-waste for several reasons:

  1. They are electronic components – Hard drives contain circuit boards, chips, and other electronics.
  2. They can be harmful to the environment – Many hard drives contain metals and materials that, if sent to landfill, can pollute soil and water.
  3. They have valuable materials – Hard drives often contain aluminium, copper, and sometimes even precious metals, all of which can be recovered through recycling.

The Security Element

When it comes to hard drives, there’s another crucial consideration: data security. Unlike many other forms of e-waste, hard drives often store sensitive business and personal information. Simply throwing them away (or even deleting files) isn’t enough to keep data safe.

Businesses must ensure that hard drives are either securely wiped or physically destroyed before they leave the premises. Failure to do so can lead to data breaches and potentially hefty fines under data protection laws.

How Should Hard Drives Be Disposed Of?

To comply with WEEE regulations and maintain data security, the following steps are recommended:

  1. Data wiping or destruction – Use certified software to wipe drives, or arrange for secure physical destruction.
  2. Choose a licensed e-waste recycler – Work with a reputable recycling company that’s authorised to handle e-waste.
  3. Request documentation – Ensure you receive a certificate of data destruction and a waste transfer note for your records.

By following these steps, your business can avoid compliance issues, protect sensitive data, and reduce environmental impact.

Why It Matters

E-waste is the fastest-growing waste stream in the world, and the UK produces one of the highest volumes per capita. Handling hard drives responsibly is part of a much bigger picture – reducing waste going to landfill, recovering valuable materials, and keeping hazardous substances out of the environment.

For businesses, it’s also about reputation and trust. Customers and clients want to know that their data is secure, and mishandling hard drives can have serious consequences.

Ready to Recycle Hard Drives Safely and Responsibly?

If your organisation has hard drives or other IT equipment ready for disposal, RePCB can help. We provide e-waste recycling services across the UK, ensuring full compliance with WEEE regulations and complete peace of mind.

Contact us today to arrange a collection and recycling service for your hard drives. We’ll help you meet legal obligations and recover valuable materials from your redundant IT assets.

What Does PCB Stand For?

Key Takeaways...

If you work in electronics, IT asset disposal, or manufacturing, you’ve likely come across the acronym PCB. But what exactly does it stand for, and why are PCBs so important in modern technology?

In the electronics industry, PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board. These boards are the backbone of nearly every electronic device you can think of – from smartphones and laptops to industrial equipment and medical devices.

What is a Printed Circuit Board?

A printed circuit board is a flat, usually rigid board made from a non-conductive material (like fibreglass) with thin layers of conductive copper tracks on its surface. These copper tracks act like “wires” that connect different components together, allowing electricity to flow through the device in a controlled way.

PCBs can be:

  • Single-layer: One layer of copper tracks.
  • Double-layer: Two layers for more complex designs.
  • Multi-layer: Multiple stacked layers for compact and sophisticated devices.

They’re designed to be space-efficient, reliable, and durable – making them essential for today’s increasingly miniaturised electronics.

Where Are PCBs Found?

The short answer? Almost everywhere. PCBs are inside:

  • Mobile phones and tablets
  • Computers, servers, and IT networking equipment
  • Televisions and home appliances
  • Cars, electric vehicles, and charging stations
  • Medical devices and hospital equipment
  • Industrial machinery

Because they’re so widespread, understanding what PCBs are (and what to do with them at the end of their life) is becoming increasingly important for businesses and organisations.

Why Are PCBs Important?

Without PCBs, electronics would be far bulkier, less reliable, and much harder to produce. They allow for complex circuitry to be manufactured quickly and at scale, making modern technology possible.

PCBs also contain a variety of valuable materials such as copper, gold, silver, and palladium. When devices reach the end of their life, recycling PCBs helps recover these materials and prevents hazardous substances from entering the environment.

If your business has printed circuit boards or other electronic components ready for disposal, RePCB can help. We specialise in the secure collection and recycling of PCBs across the UK, ensuring maximum material recovery and full environmental compliance.

Is Scrap Metal Worth Anything?

Key Takeaways...

Scrap metal is often overlooked as mere waste, but when it comes from electronic devices, it can hold significant value. Electronic waste (e-waste) contains a variety of metals—some common, others precious—that can be recovered and recycled. Understanding the worth of scrap metal from e-waste is important for businesses looking to manage their waste sustainably while potentially earning rebates.

In this article, we explore the value of scrap metal in electronic waste, the types of metals commonly found, and why responsible recycling matters.

What Metals Are Found in Electronic Scrap?

Electronic waste, such as printed circuit boards (PCBs), hard drives, mobile phones, and other components, contains a mix of metals, including:

  • Copper: Used extensively in wiring and circuit boards; highly conductive and valuable.
  • Gold: Found in small amounts on connectors and contacts due to its excellent corrosion resistance and conductivity.
  • Silver: Also used in circuit paths and contacts.
  • Aluminium: Common in casings and heat sinks.
  • Steel and Iron: Used in structural parts.
  • Palladium and Platinum: Rare metals used in certain electronic components.

While precious metals like gold and silver are present in small quantities, their high market value means that recovering them can be economically beneficial.

How Is Scrap Metal Valued?

The value of scrap metal from e-waste depends on several factors:

  • Metal Content: The type and amount of metals present.
  • Market Prices: Metal prices fluctuate daily based on global demand and supply.
  • Material Purity: The ease of separating valuable metals affects recycling costs and value.
  • Volume: Larger volumes generally attract better pricing.

Because e-waste is complex, professional recycling companies like RePCB use specialised processes to extract and refine metals, ensuring maximum recovery and value.

Why Is Recycling Electronic Scrap Metal Important?

Recycling scrap metal from electronic devices has multiple benefits:

  • Environmental Protection: Prevents hazardous materials from polluting landfills and ecosystems.
  • Resource Conservation: Reduces the need for mining new metals, conserving natural resources.
  • Economic Benefits: Recovering valuable metals supports circular economy principles and can provide rebates or credits to businesses.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Proper disposal helps businesses meet legal requirements for electronic waste management.

Scrap Metal Prices in the UK

Scrap metal prices fluctuate and depend on market trends. For example, copper prices can vary significantly, influencing the overall value of e-waste. Businesses interested in selling scrap metal or recycling PCBs and other electronics should regularly consult current market prices to maximise returns.

At RePCB, we offer transparent pricing and rebates based on material types and quantities, helping UK businesses get the best value while ensuring environmentally responsible recycling.

What Is The Purpose Of A CPU?

Key Takeaways...

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often called the “brain” of a computer. It plays a fundamental role in processing instructions and managing the flow of information within a computer system. Understanding the CPU’s purpose helps businesses and tech professionals make informed decisions about hardware usage, upgrades, and responsible disposal.

In this article, we’ll explore what the CPU does, why it’s critical to computing, and why proper disposal and recycling matter.

What Is the CPU?

The CPU is a microprocessor that performs most of the processing inside a computer. It executes instructions from software applications and the operating system, performing calculations and managing data flow. It is a complex integrated circuit made up of millions or billions of transistors.

Modern CPUs are highly sophisticated and capable of handling multiple tasks simultaneously through technologies like multi-core processing and hyper-threading.

Key Functions of the CPU

1. Instruction Execution

At its core, the CPU executes instructions. These instructions come from programs running on the computer and tell the CPU what operations to perform, such as arithmetic calculations, data movement, or logic decisions.

2. Control Unit Operation

The CPU includes a control unit that directs the flow of data between the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices. It interprets instructions and coordinates how different parts of the system communicate.

3. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The ALU performs all arithmetic and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, comparisons, and Boolean logic. It is the component where actual data processing happens.

4. Multi-tasking and Performance Management

Modern CPUs often have multiple cores, which means they contain multiple processing units within a single chip. This allows them to handle several tasks simultaneously, improving performance and responsiveness.

Why the CPU Matters

The CPU’s speed and efficiency determine a computer’s overall performance. Faster CPUs can process more instructions per second, enabling smoother multitasking, quicker application responses, and better handling of complex computations.

For businesses, selecting the right CPU is essential to meet performance requirements for servers, workstations, or everyday office computers.

CPU and Recycling

CPUs contain valuable materials such as gold and other precious metals that make them a significant component in electronic waste recycling. Proper disposal of CPUs helps recover these materials while preventing environmental contamination.

At RePCB, we provide secure and compliant CPU recycling and disposal services across the UK. Our process ensures complete data security and responsible material recovery.

What Is Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)?

Key Takeaways...

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment—commonly referred to as WEEE—represents one of the fastest-growing waste streams in the world. With the rapid pace of technological innovation and consumer demand for new electronics, the amount of discarded devices continues to rise dramatically. But what exactly qualifies as WEEE, and why is it so important to manage it properly?

In this article, we’ll define what WEEE is, explore the types of equipment it includes, and explain why proper disposal and recycling is critical for businesses and the environment.

What Does WEEE Mean?

WEEE refers to any electrical or electronic equipment that has reached the end of its life and is being discarded. This includes a wide range of devices, from everyday household appliances to specialised industrial equipment. In the UK, WEEE is regulated by the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2013, which place legal responsibilities on producers and businesses to ensure this type of waste is managed safely and sustainably.

Types of Equipment Classified as WEEE

WEEE covers virtually all categories of powered equipment, including:

  • Large household appliances – e.g., fridges, washing machines, ovens
  • Small household appliances – e.g., kettles, toasters, vacuum cleaners
  • IT and telecommunications equipment – e.g., computers, laptops, printers
  • Consumer equipment – e.g., televisions, radios
  • Lighting – e.g., fluorescent lamps, LED bulbs
  • Electrical tools – e.g., drills, saws
  • Medical devices, monitoring instruments, and vending machines

At RePCB, we focus on business e-waste, especially IT and electronic components such as:

These items often contain valuable and recoverable materials like gold, silver, copper, and palladium—making proper recycling both financially and environmentally beneficial.

Why Is WEEE Management Important?

Improper disposal of electrical and electronic waste can lead to serious environmental harm. Many devices contain hazardous materials such as mercury, lead, and flame retardants, which can contaminate soil and water if sent to landfill. Proper WEEE recycling:

  • Conserves valuable resources by recovering metals and components
  • Reduces greenhouse gas emissions by limiting the need for raw material extraction
  • Helps businesses stay compliant with UK waste legislation
  • Supports a circular economy and sustainability initiatives

WEEE Responsibilities for UK Businesses

Under UK regulations, businesses have a duty of care to manage and dispose of WEEE responsibly. This includes:

  • Ensuring waste is collected by a registered waste carrier
  • Using authorised treatment facilities
  • Keeping proper waste transfer documentation
  • Separating hazardous and non-hazardous equipment

If your company produces or handles electronic waste, partnering with a certified WEEE recycler like RePCB ensures you’re meeting your obligations while supporting sustainable waste practices.